First Nations were compelled to take back control of education in the historic Wahbung paper of 1971 by the Manitoba Indian Brotherhood (now Assembly of Manitoba Chiefs) and Indian Control of Indian Education position paper in 1972 by the National Indian Brotherhood (now Assembly of First Nations). First Nations then began to build and administer their own schools, but chronic underfunding and lack of support required the creation of an organization that would meet the needs of those schools. In 1999 the Assembly of Manitoba Chiefs gave a mandate and established MFNERC to provide administrative, technical, language and educational supports to First Nations Schools in Manitoba.